Capture and accumulation of perchlorate in lettuce. Effect of genotype, temperature, perchlorate concentration, and competition with anions

Various studies have evaluated the accumulation of ClO₄^- in lettuce (Lactuca sativa), but very few have dealt with the variables that can interfere with its capture. The present study evaluates the transfer of ClO₄^- in two L. sativa varieties: butter head (L. sativa var. capitata) and cos lettuce (L. sativa var. crispa) under hydroponic conditions. The ClO₄^- concentrations used correspond to levels (1 and 2mgL^-1), measured in irrigation water in the Iquique region in the north of Chile. Results indicate that the capture of ClO₄^- is dependent on its concentration, lettuce genotype, and temperature. The butter head variety accumulates the highest perchlorate concentrations. Anion competition involving NO₃^- (16 and 48mM), Cl^- (23 and 56mM), and SO₄^2- (10 and 20mM) was evaluated, being NO₃^- (48mM), the most significant competition reducing the concentration of ClO₄^- in tissues of L. sativa varieties.