Microwave assisted synthesized bimetallic Ti and V based MXene for anticancer application

The work reported in this article deals with novel synthetic approach of bimetallic (Ti, V) carbide MXene, Ti₃V₂C₃, through microwave oven assisted hydrofluoric acid etching and investigation of its in vitro anticancer potency against various types of cancer cell lines. X-Ray Diffraction (XRD) analysis and Fourier Transform InfraRed (FTIR) analysis were carried out to confirm MXene phase and to unravel its structural properties. Morphological studies were done through Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscopic (FESEM) observations. Raman spectroscopy was used to study surface chemistry, chemical quality and interlayer stacking information of the prepared MXene. Brunner-Emmett-Teller (BET) analysis was employed on the synthesized MXene to obtain surface pore profile of the material. The obtained bimetallic (Ti, V) MXenes were then expended to investigate their in vitro cytotoxic properties against a series of cancer cell lines and on non-cancerous cell lines, Vero (Chlorocebus aethiops, that stand as a model for healthy cells) and Huvec cells (Human Vascular Endothelial Cells, a model cell line to investigate angiogenesis related activities) to understand their anticancer potency against different types of cancers. The cancer types that were tested include, T24 (colorectal adenocarcinoma), Hep-G2 (hepatocellular carcinoma), MCF-7 (human breast adenocarcinoma), and LNCap (prostate adenocarcinoma). The viability assay revealed the considerable activity against all types of cancer cell lines. Cancer cell targeting efficiency of the material was also evaluated in terms of EC₅₀ values of the material against various types of cell lines.