Relationship of Nutritional Status and Physical Activity Level with Dynamic Postural Balance in Young Adults

The increasing prevalence of excess body weight and physical inactivity among young adults raises concerns about their impact on dynamic postural control. This study aimed to examine the relationship of nutritional status and physical activity level (PAL) with dynamic postural balance in young adults. A cross-sectional study was conducted with 189 young adults (81 females and 108 males; aged 18–29 years). Nutritional status was determined using BMI, and PAL was assessed with the IPAQ-SF. Dynamic postural balance was measured using the Modified Star Excursion Balance Test (SEBTm) in three directions: anterior, posteromedial (PM), and posterolateral (PL). Regression analysis showed no significant associations in the anterior direction (adjusted model by sex R² = 0.051; p > 0.05). However, for the PM direction, the adjusted model (R² = 0.289) identified nutritional status (B = 2.784; p = 0.015), PAL (B = 2.962; p = 0.011), and sex (B = 8.248; p < 0.001) as significant predictors of postural balance performance. Similarly, in the PL direction, the adjusted model (R² = 0.275) confirmed significant associations for nutritional status (B = 2.413; p = 0.004), PAL (B = 4.203; p = 0.031), and sex (B = 7.712; p < 0.001). These findings suggest that both nutritional and behavioral factors contribute to dynamic balance performance in young adults, particularly in directions with greater postural demands.